Breast tenderness is a common symptom that occurs before a menstrual period. It may be described as soreness, pain and discomfort in the area of the breasts. There may also be some swelling. Breast tenderness, to a certain extent, is normal before menstruation, pregnancy and breast feeding. It may pose some discomfort for a short amount of time, but soon subsides. Severe breast tenderness may be experienced by some women as they approach Menopause.

Diet high in fat

The breasts become tender before menstruation due to many factors. The main cause of this symptom is fluctuations of hormonal levels in the body. During the menstrual cycle, the levels of the hormones, estrogen and progesterone fluctuate considerably. Usually, when the level of estrogen is reduced and level of progesterone is increased, the breasts are likely to enlarge. But imbalances could cause alternations in the cycles and cause the breasts to swell even more, making them more painful and tender. The symptoms of premenstrual breast tenderness may vary in intensity from woman to woman. The tenderness usually peaks just before the start of the period, and then improves during or after the period. The breast tissue may also develop a rough and dense feel, usually in the outer areas.

There may also be a sensation of breast fullness with dull pain and tenderness. The breast ducts enlarge due to increased production of estrogen which occurs just before the middle of the cycle, and the milk glands swell due to increased production of progesterone which occurs towards day 21 of the cycle. Breast tenderness prior to menstruation takes place in nearly all women. Some women in their childbearing years may experience severe symptoms which may hamper daily functioning. The intensity of symptoms is lowered in those who take birth control pills. Consumption of caffeine, intake of a diet high in fat and a family history of the condition are some of the risk factors associated with breast tenderness.

Self-care tips for breast tenderness include eating foods low in fat, avoidance of caffeine, restriction of salt intake and regular exercise. In addition, wearing well fitting bras will also give the breasts the necessary support. Some believe that supplements of vitamin B6 and E, and herbal remedies such as primrose oil provide relief. But these must be discussed with a doctor before use. There are also certain medications available for treating breast tenderness, but again, it is advisable to consult a doctor before opting for any of them.