Balanitis is inflammation typically caused by infections or chronic skin conditions. Improper hygiene can contribute to skin irritation. Both inadequate cleansing and too much cleansing can add to this problem. The condition is often caused by an overgrowth of either bacteria or yeast. The foreskin of the penis is an ideal place for these organisms to grow because it can trap moisture around the penis head.

Injuries on the tip of the penis or foreskin can cause swelling and discomfort.

Irritation in the area can also cause balanitis. Irritation can be caused by:
not rinsing soap completely off of your penis after showering
using scented soaps to clean your penis
using bar soap that dries out the skin
using scented lotions or sprays on your penis
Some laxatives, sleeping pills, painkillers, and antibiotics can cause balanitis as a side effect. This is called a fixed drug eruption.

Other causes of balanitis include:
reactive arthritis
uncontrolled diabetes
sexually transmitted infections like syphilis, trichomonas, and gonorrhea