Treatment of Achondroplasia
Hydrocephalus: If signs/symptoms of increased intracranial pressure arise (accelerated head growth, bulging fontanelle, vision changes, headache), referral to a neurosurgeon is required. Computerized tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain in infancy may be done to determine the presence of hydrocephalus.

Craniocervical junction constriction: Predictors of the need for suboccipital decompression require evaluation by a medical professional. Indication of symptomatic compression requires urgent referral to a neurosurgeon.

Obstructive sleep apnea: Can be treated with weight reduction, surgery to remove tonsils and adenoids (adenotonsillectomy), positive airway pressure, and, rarely, surgery to create an opening in the neck (tracheostomy).
Middle ear dysfunction: Ear tubes may be needed until the age of seven or eight to manage frequent middle ear infections and prevent potential hearing loss.

Short stature: Studies on the use of growth hormone have shown initial acceleration of growth, but with lessening effect over time and little lasting benefit.

Obesity: Measures to avoid obesity should begin in early childhood. Standard weight-by-height grids specific for achondroplasia should be used to monitor progress.

Varus deformity: Symptomatic bowing of the legs (varus deformity) requires referral to an orthopedist. However, asymptomatic bowing does not usually warrant surgical correction.

Spinal deformities: Preventive measures including prohibition of unsupported sitting in the first 12-18 months of life decrease risk of developing a fixed backwards curve in the mid-spine (kyphosis). Bracing or surgery may be necessary, depending on the degree of severity of such a deformity if preventive measures are unsuccessful.

Spinal stenosis: If signs/symptoms of spinal stenosis arise, urgent surgical referral is appropriate.

Immunization: All routine immunizations are necessary.
Adaptive needs: Environmental modifications of the home and school may be necessary to accommodate for short stature.

Socialization: Patients with achondroplasia may encounter difficulties in socialization and school adjustment. Support groups can help assist families with these issues through peer support, personal example, and social awareness programs.