Technically there is no actual cure for neuromyelitis optica today, but therapies to treat attacks as they happen, to prevent relapses, and to reduce symptoms do exist. Treatment and prevention of NMO and other NMO spectrum disorders can be divided into two discrete objectives: one focused on controlling the inflammatory damage caused by acute attacks, and the other focused on the maintenance treatment in order to avoid relapses. The former is achieved plasmapheresis and using high-dose intravenous corticosteroids, while the latter is focused on using low-dose corticosteroids as well as nonspecific immunosuppressants. These substances can include cyclosporine, azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil, tacrolimus, and mitoxantrone. Newer therapy strategies have emerged utilizing monoclonal antibodies such as eculizumab (an anti-C5 monoclonal antibody) and rituximab (an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody), to prevent an NMO relapse.