Syndromes of this disease are clinically classified as yin deficiency and toxic heat, deficiency of lung qi and spleen qi, accumulation of phlegm-dampness in the lung, qi stagnation and blood stasis, deficiency of qi and yin, and deficiency of yin and yang. The therapeutic principle is strengthening the body resistance and eliminating the pathogenic factors. According to the state of the deficiency of body resistance or the excess of pathogenic factors, treatment methods such as clearing away heat and resolving phlegm, activating collaterals and dissipating blood stasis, removing toxic substance and softening hard masses, nourishing yin and moistening the lung, and invigorating qi and warming yang are used respectively.

Essentials for Diagnosis 
(1) Irritable cough, blood stained sputum or hemoptysis, chest pain and oppression, shortness of breath and fever are the chief manifestations.

(2) Exfoliated cell examination in sputum may find cancer cells. If hydrothorax exists, cancer cells may be found in the smear of centrifuged and precipitated pleural effusion.

(3) Space-occupying lesions found in X-ray, CT, and bronchography are helpful to diagnosis; bronchoscopy, isotope scanning, and biopsy examination are also helpful.

(4) Males above 30 years with a long smoking history should be taken into consideration.

In TCM, a disease or a symptom might be caused by one pathogenic factor, even two or three pathogenic factors. When diagnosing a disease or a symptom, TCM doctors must follow the principle of "Syndrome Dfferentiation", and then "Suit the Remedy to the Case". In order to gain a more definite and valuable diagnosis, it's important and necessary for the doctor to learn the detailed health information of the patient, including his/her disease duration, age, sex, height, weight, family history, urine, stool, diet, sleep, sweat, energy, mood (emotion), as well as the tongue conditions and the palm conditions, etc. If you would want our expert to create a TCM diagnosis, you're welcome to contact us.