The source is from nearly matured fruit of Evodia rutaecarpa (Juss) Benth, family Rutaceae. The medicinal material is mainly produced in the areas of Guizhou, Guangxi, Hunan, Zhejiang, and Sichuan, etc.. Collected from August to November when the fruits are not split open, dried in the sun or in low temperature. The crude or prepared one can be used.

Medicinal Properties: Pungent and bitter in flavor, hot in nature, mild toxic and attributive to the liver, spleen, stomach and kidney meridians.

Actions: Expel cold and relieve pain, warm the spleen and stomach to stop vomiting, strengthen yang and arrest diarrhea.

Application
1. It is used to treat all syndromes due to cold accumulation in the liver meridian. For colic of cold type with abdominal pain, it is usually combined with Xiaohuixiang ( Fructus Foeniculi ), Chuanlianzi ( Fructus Meliae Toosendan); for jueyin headache, it is usually combined with Renshen (Radix Ginseng), Shengjiang ( Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens), etc., such as Wuzhuyu Tang (Decoction); for dysmenorrhea due to cold accumulation, used together with Guizhi (Ramulus Cinnamomi ), Danggui ( Radix Angelicae Sinensis), and Chuanxiong (Rhizoma Chuanxiong), etc., such as Wenjing Tang (Decoction) for beriberi of cold-dampness type, used together with Mugua (Fructus Chaenometis), Zisuye (Folium Perillae), Binglang ( Semen Arecae ), such as Jiming San (Powder).
2. It is used for incoordination between the liver and stomach with acid regurgitation and vomiting. For the syndrome being a bit on the cold side, it is usually combined with Shengjiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens ), Banxia (Rhizoma Pinelliae), etc. ; for live-fire due to depression of liver-qi with hypochondriac distention and pain, accompanied with bitterness and dryness in the mouth, it is used together with Huanglian (Rhizoma Coptidis), such as Zuojin Wan (Pill).
3. For diarrhea due to deficiency and cold, it is usually combined with Buguzhi ( Fructus Psoraleae), Roudoukou ( Semen Myristicae ) and Wuweizi ( Fructus Schisandrae), such as Sishen Wan (Pill).
In addition, powder prepared with vinegar for aphthae by local application on sole. Now it can be used to treat hypertension.

Usage and Dosage:
1.5 - 4.5 g is used in decoction for oral use and just right amount for external use.

Notes: It is not suitable to be taken in large dosage and for a long time.