Before we go into the details of what could be causing your son’s swollen abdomen and distress for the last few months, the symptoms you describe are very worrying. Under normal circumstances, a swollen abdomen for any duration of time is a cause for concern. In addition to this, you mention that your son has been vomiting blood and complains of shortness of breath and chest pain. These are all signs of a serious medical condition and require immediate medical attention.

There are a number of causes for a swollen abdomen. Also known as distension, one of the simplest reasons is overeating. However, in your son’s case this does not apply as the problem has persisted for some time. When one speaks of the abdomen, one is actually referring to several organs in the area. Therefore your son’s symptoms may be caused by a problem with one or more of the organs in the abdomen i.e. the stomach, liver, intestines, gallbladder, kidneys, pancreas, reproductive system and the circulatory system. Possible causes for a swollen abdomen could therefore include medical condition such as:
-- Constipation
-- Swallowing of air
-- Chronic gas
-- Irritable Bowel Syndrome
-- Lactose intolerance
-- Blockage of the bowel
-- Fluid in the abdomen (a serious medical condition)
-- Pancreatitis
-- Liver disease

Home Care
A swollen abdomen that is caused by eating a heavy meal will go away when you digest the food. Eating in moderation will help prevent swelling.

For a swollen abdomen caused by swallowing air:
Avoid carbonated beverages
Avoid chewing gum or sucking on candies
Avoid drinking through a straw or sipping the surface of a hot beverage
Eat slowly