Introduction
Infantile convulsion refers to acute syndrome of the central nervous system due to organic or functional abnormal changes. The clinical manifestations are convulsion and coma. This syndrome is divided into acute convulsion and chronic convulsion in TCM. Acute convulsion is marked by sudden onset and high fever accompanied by convulsion and coma due to exogenous seasonal pestilence and sudden fright which lead to internal accumulation of phlegm-heat, consequently resulting in transformation of heat from stagnation of pathogenic factors and production of wind and phlegm from extreme heat. The location of this syndrome is in the heart and liver. Chronic convulsion is marked by slow onset as well as repeated convulsion and coma or paralysis usually seen after severe disease and chronic disease due to prenatal insufficiency or lingering of acute convulsion, asthenia of the spleen and hyperfunction of the liver, or production of wind resulting from asthenia of liver and kidney yin. The location of this syndrome is in the liver, spleen and kidney.

Syndrome Differentiation
1. Acute Convulsion
The symptoms are coma, upward staring of eyes, lockjaw, stiffness of neck, opisthotonus, convulsion of limbs, or high fever without sweating and dysphoria; or poor appetite, vomiting and sputum rale in the throat; or nervousness, restless sleep and taut and rapid pulse.

2. Chronic Convulsion
The symptoms are somnolence or coma, occasional convulsion, or tremor of hands and feet, or spasm of limbs, cold limbs, dispiritedness, anorexia, sallow complexion and emaciation, loose stool or stool with indigested food in it, profuse and clear urine as well as deep and weak pulse.

Treatment 
1. Body Acupuncture
(1) Acute Convulsion
Prescription: Yintang (EX-HN 3 ), Shuigou ( GV 26), Shixuan (EX-UE 11) and Taichong (LR 3).
Modification: For high fever, Dazhui (GV 14) and Quchi (LI 11) are added; for profuse phlegm, Fenglong (ST 40) and Zhongwan (CV 12) are added; for lockjaw, Jiache (ST 6) and Hegu (LI 4) are added.
Performance: The filiform needles and reducing technique are used, moxibustion is not applied. Three-edged needle is used to prick Shixuan (EX-UE 11) and Yintang (EX-HN 3) for bloodletting. Shuigou (GV 26) is needled obliquely upward with rotation in a great range for reducing purpose.

(2) Chronic Convulsion
Prescription: Ganshu (BL 18), Pishu (BL 20), Shenshu (BL 23), Zusanli (ST 36), Qihai (CV 6), Baihui (GV 20) and Yintang (EX-HN 3).
Modification: For loose stool or stool with indigested food in it, Shenque (CV 8) is added for moxibustiom for anorexia, Zhongwan (CV 12) is added.

Performance: Filiform needle and reinforcing technique are used. Baihui (GV 20) and Yintang (EX-HN 3) are needled with mild reducing and reinforcing techniques; the rest acupoints are needled with reinforcing technique or with warmed needle or applied with moxaroll moxibustion.

2. Ear Acupuncture
Prescription: Sympathetic Nerve (AU6a), Ear Shenmen (TF4), Subcortex (AT4), Heart (CO15), Liver (CO12), Spleen (CO13) and Kidney (CO10).

Performance: Each time 3 - 4 acupoints are selected according to the pathological conditions. For the treatment of acute convulsion, strong stimulation is needed and the needle is retained for 60 minutes. For the treatment of chronic convulsion, moderate stimulation is required and the needle is retained for 30 minutes. Or Wangbuliuxingzi (Semen Vaccariae) is used for ear acupressure and press the sealed seeds on the selected ear acupoints 3 - 4 times a day. The sealed seeds are changed once every 3 - 4 days.