Edema is swelling caused by fluid retention - excess fluid is trapped in the body's tissues. In the UK/Ireland/Australasia and some other countries, the word is spelled oedema. Swelling caused by edema commonly occurs in the hands, arms, ankles, legs and feet. It is usually linked to the venous or lymphatic systems. Edema was formerly known as dropsy or hydropsy.

Edema may be generalized or local. It can appear suddenly, but usually develops subtly - the patient may first gain weight, or wake up with puffy eyes. Many patients wait until symptoms are well advanced before seeking medical help.

Liver Disease
Such as cirrhosis, which causes scarring of the liver. This affects liver function, which causes the secretion of hormones and fluid-regulating chemicals to change. People with cirrhosis of the liver also have increased pressure within the portal vein - the large vein that carries blood from the intestines, spleen and pancreas, into the liver. These problems can lead to fluid retention in the legs and ascites (abdominal cavity).

Diet for Edema
Edema may not always be caused by dietary factors, but your diet always does influence the severity of the condition and the outcome.

The main step in treating edema is to reduce your consumption of salt. Restrict salt intake to below 2100 mg of sodium per day. Eating salty foods can cause edema to worsen.
Make sure that you drink plenty of water every day. This will help in cleansing your system by flushing out toxins. It also gets rid of excess fluid in the body. Your daily water intake should be at least 8 to 10 glasses.
Avoid consuming processed foods such as packaged goods and junk food. Include fresh fruits and vegetables in your diet. Also refrain from drinking caffeinated and carbonated beverages. Instead drink fresh fruits and vegetables juices.
A juice fast is sometimes recommended for individuals who suffer from severe or chronic edema. Going on a juice fast for a week or two is known to provide relief from fluid retention. However it is important to consult your doctor first.

Suggestions for Edema
Edema can get aggravated in extreme temperatures such as very cold or hot weather. Sudden changes in temperature can also worsen the condition. Therefore avoid taking hot showers or baths. Saunas should also be avoided. Ensure that you wear warm clothing when in cold temperatures and protect yourself from frostbite. In hot temperatures, take adequate precautions to prevent sunburn.