Vertigo means that the patient subjectively feels that his or her body or the things in sight are swirling. Vertigo may be caused by up-flaming of liver fire, hyperactivity of liver yang, encumbrance and stagnation of phlegmatic dampness, insufficiency of qi and blood as well as deficiency of kidney essence. Vertigo, accompanied by distension, flushed cheeks and red eyes, dysphoria, susceptibility to anger, hypochondriac pain and bitter taste in the mouth, is due to up-flaming of liver fire.

Vertigo, accompanied by distending pain, tinnitus and aching flaccidity of loins and knees, is usually caused by hyperactivity of liver yang; vertigo, accompanied by head heaviness like being bound, chest oppression, nausea and heaviness of limbs, is often caused by internal retention of phlegmatic dampness and failure of lucid yang to rise; vertigo, accompanied by lassitude,? shortness of breath, lethargy to speak, pale complexion, light color of tongue and aggravation after overstrain, is due to qi asthenia and blood deficiency which fail to nourish the upper part; vertigo, accompanied by vacuity sensation, tinnitus, amnesia and aching flaccidity of the loins and knees, is frequently caused by asthenia of kidney essence.