TCM Diagnosis According to Syndrome Differentiation
1. Accumulation of Heat Toxins
Main manifestation: fever, anemia, mild hyporrhea, pressing pain in breastbone, aches and pains, hepatosplenomegaly, yellow coating with less saliva, rapid pulse.

2. Qi and Blood Deficiency
Main manifestation: pale complexion, dizziness, palpitation, fatigue, hot sensation in hands and feet, spontaneous perspiration, night sweat, skin ecchymosis, hepatosplenomegaly, light coating, and thin pulse.

3. Qi Stagnation and Blood Stasis
Main manifestation: skin ecchymosis, epistaxis, hematochezia, bloody stool, visceral hemorrhage, and intracranial hemorrhage.

4. Deficiency of Liver and Kidney
Main manifestation: Headache, dizziness, nausea and vomiting, drowsiness, coma, blurred vision, limbs numbness, cramp, red tongue, yellow or whitish coating.
 
Diagnosis in western medicine
In addition to a medical history and a physical exam to look for signs of leukemia (lymph node enlargement, enlargement of spleen), the diagnosis of leukemia typically involves laboratory studies of a blood sample. Abnormal numbers of blood cells may suggest a diagnosis of leukemia, and the blood sample may also be examined under the microscope to see if the cells appear abnormal. A sample of the bone marrow may also be obtained to establish the diagnosis. For a bone marrow aspirate, a long, thin needle is used to withdraw a sample of bone marrow from the hip bone, under local anesthesia. A bone marrow biopsy involves insertion of a thick, hollow needle into the hip bone to remove a sample of the bone marrow, using local anesthesia.

Cells from the blood and bone marrow are further tested if leukemia cells are present. These additional tests look for genetic alterations and expression of certain cell surface markers by the cancer cells. The results of these tests are used to help determine the precise classification of the leukemia and to decide on optimal treatment. Other tests that may be useful include a chest X-ray to determine if there are enlarged lymph nodes or other signs of disease and a lumbar puncture to remove a sample of cerebrospinal fluid to determine if the leukemia cells have infiltrated the membranes and space surrounding the brain and spinal cord. Imaging tests such as MRI and CT scanning can also be useful for some patients to determine the extent of disease.