1. Hyperactivity of Monarch Fire and Minister Fire
Chief Manifestations: Insomnia with dreamful sleep, nocturnal emission during sleep, accompanied by feverish sensation in the heart, dizziness, blurred vision, listlessness, lassitude, palpitation, fright and forgetfulness, dry mouth, scanty and deep-colored urine, red tongue, and thready, rapid pulse.

2. Downward Movement of Damp Heat
Chief Manifestations: Frequent seminal emission, or discharge of small amount of seminal fluid during urination, difficult micturition with a burning sensation and deep-colored or dribbling urine, bitter taste in the mouth thirst, restlessness, insomnia, orolingual ulceration, loose and foul stools, or feeling of oppression and fullness in the chest and abdomen, nausea, yellow, greasy tongue coating, and soft-superficial, rapid pulse.

3. Inability of Qi to Arrest Semen
Chief Manifestations: Seminal emission due to overwork, palpitation, insomnia, forgetfulness, sallow complexion, weakness and fatigue of the limbs, poor appetite, loose stools, pale tongue with thin coating, thready and weak pulse.

4. Inability to Store Essence due to Kidney Deficiency   
Chief Manifestations: Frequent nocturnal emission, even spontaneous emission, soreness and weakness of loins and knees, dry throat, restlessness, vertigo, tinnitus, forgetfulness, insomnia, low fever, flushed cheeks, emaciation, night perspiration, loss of hair, odontoseisis, red tongue with little coating, thready and rapid pulse; in some cases with persistent spermatorrhoea, often accompanied by aversion to cold, cold limbs, impotence, premature ejaculation, cold sperm, scanty urine or frequent urination at night, edema, clean or dribbling urine, pale or lusterless complexion, pale, tender teethprinted tongue with white and smooth coating, deep and thready pulse.