Syndrome differentiation and treatment
The disease is the obstruction of the retinal veins as a result of various causes with the fundus hemorrhage or blood stasis as the main change.  In clinic, it is often classified into the syndromes of hyperactivity of liver yang, stagnation of qi and blood stasis, upward accumulation of phlegm-heat and excessive fire due to yin deficiency. The treatment methods, therefore, should include, whatever syndrome a case belongs to, activating blood circulation, removing blood stasis and dredging meridians in addition to the treatment aimed at its pathogensis.  In the cases of the neonatal vessel and organic matter in the eye, the treatment method to soften hard lumps should also be applied.

1. Syndrome of Hyperactivity of Liver Yang
Main Symptoms and Signs: Sudden diminishment of vision, optic disc congestion and edema with obscure boundary, tortuosity and ectasia of the retinal vein in sausage shape, massive retinal hemorrhage distributing with the optic disc as the center, accompanied by the general symptoms of dizziness, headache, irritability, vexation, insomnia, tinnitus and hypochondiac pain; reddish tongue and thready pulse.
Therapeutic Methods: Calming the liver and suppressing yang hyperactivity.

2. Syndrome of Qi Stagnation and Blood Stasis
Main Symptoms and Signs: The same ocular symptoms as the above, accompanied by depressed emotion, distending pain in chest and hypochondrium, depressed sensation in stomach and poor appetite; a dull purple tongue and unsmooth pulse.
Therapeutic Method: Activating qiand blood circulation.

3. Syndrome of Upward Accumulation of Phlegmheat
Main Symptoms and Signs: The same ocular symptoms as the above, accompanied by dizziness and heavy sensation, nausea and vomiting, thick sputum with a bitter taste, and fat stature; a yellowish greasy tongue coating and thready pulse.
Therapeutic Methods: Removing phlegm-heat and activating blood circulation to improve vision.

4. Syndrome of Fire Hyperactivity due to Yin Deficiency
Main Symptoms and Signs: The same ocular symptoms as the above, accompanied by dizziness, tidal fever, night sweat, feverish sensation in chest, palms and soles; a reddish tongue with little coating and a thready pulse.
Therapeutic Methods: Nourishing yin and removing pathogenic fire.