Exuberance of heart fire syndrome refers to sthenic heat syndrome due to internal exuberance of heart fire. This syndrome is caused by mental depression, transformation of fire from qi stagnation, or internal invasion of pathogenic heat and fire, or excessive intake of acrid, hot and tonic food, transformation of fire from prolonged accumulation in the heart.

Clinical manifestations:
Dysphoria, insomnia, flushed complexion, thirst, fever, constipation, yellow urine, deep reddish tongue tip, yellow fur and fast pulse; or ulceration and pain of tongue, or hematemesis, hemorrhagia, or even mania, delirium and unconsciousness, usually seen in hypertension, thyroidism, endocarditis, periodontitis, infection of urinary system and craniocerebral infection, etc.

Analysis of symptoms:
Dysphoria and insomnia are due to internal exuberance of fire heat and disturbance of heart spirit; thirst, constipation and yellow urine are due to consumption of fluid by pathogenic fire; flushed complexion and deep reddish tip of tongue are due to up-flaming of fire and heat; fast pulse is due to exuberant heat promoting blood circulation; sores, ulceration and pain of mouth and tongue are due to heart fire affecting the tongue through meridians; hematemesis and hemorrhagia are due to heart fire driving blood to extravasate; fever, mania, delirium and unconsciousness are due to exuberance of pathogenic heat that disturbs heart spirit.

Key points for syndrome differentiation:
Dysphoria and insomnia as well as manifestations of exuberant fire and heat on the tongue and pulse.