Viscera and bowels include: heart, lung, liver, spleen, kidney, pericardium, stomach, gallbladder, large intestine, small intestine, bladder and triple energizer. In design of this diagram, 7 Figs. are drawn considering interior and exterior relation between viscera and bowels and disposition of meridian and collateral lines, in these diagrams kidney, bladder, spleen, stomach, liver, gallbladder, large intestine, small intestine, pericardium and triple energizer each has a diagram. Every viscera and bowel appears meridian and collateral lines which lead to directly or mutually lead including: twelve meridian vessels, twelve divergent collateral s, fifteen collaterals, eight extra meridians and large vessel and collateral that are not brought into above meridian and collateral system, such as great collateral vessel of the stomach and uterus meridians. Distribution format of meridian and collateral in visceral are distributed over the organ according to the distribution principle that thick branches are meridians, thin branches are collaterals and thinner branches are tertiary collateral vessels.
Genital organs include: scrotum, testicle, and penis of male, ovary, womb, vagina, labia vulvae and clitoris of female. In theory of TCM, genital organ system include "kidney", so meridians and collaterals that can lead to kidney are included. Though genital organs do not belong to viscera and bowels, it also has subordination meridians and collaterals. Conception vessel, thoroughfare vessel and governor vessel are emerged from viscera and bowels, it is called three meridians one origination, and these three meridians are not branches of twelve meridians but a group of self-existent meridian vessels. Originations of conception vessel and thoroughfare vessel are recorded in female in ancient books, in order to understand easily, this diagram illustrates in body diagram of female.
There is no diagram of distribution lines of meridian and collateral of viscera and genital organs, ancients once summed up in words but not complete, and many are scattered in chapters of ancient books. Documented meridian and collateral lines that assemble are drawn into this diagram for reference of clinical application, scientific research and teaching.
Numbers of distribution lines of meridian and collateral in viscera and bowels are different, the most are17 lines but the least are 4 lines. Associated organs are different too; some viscera are associated with all viscera and bowels and some are only associated with internal and external viscus or bowel. The more distribution lines of meridian and collateral, the more associated viscera and bowels, so we can understand function of viscera and bowels and their contributions. Because of different distributions of meridian and collateral in viscera and bowels, effective scope is different when there is disease in each viscus and bowel. The more distributions of meridian and collateral the larger effective scope and the more complications, it has in substantial significance clinical syndrome differentiation and treatment. Such as why appears heart symptom in viscera and bowels diseases, this is because collaterals of viscera and bowels are associated with heart. Theories of liver-wood restrain spleen-earth and liver-stomach disharmony, the two goes through which route to realize the relation? This is because liver meridian is distributed over stomach. Why does spleen dampness become phlegm-rheum and appear in which channel? This is through function of spleen meridian that spleen is distributed over lung. There are descriptions of syndrome differentiations of meridian and collateral invariable, if only we depends Yin, Yang, exterior, interior, cold, heat, sthenia and asthenia on foundation of syndrome differentiation, but do not know distribution of meridian and collateral, it is equal to that we know its branches and leaves but not root.
Anatomical distribution diagram of meridians and collaterals of heart
Heart meridian of hand-shaoyin: it starts from heart and is the main meridian that is distributed over heart.
Collateral of heart meridian of hand-shaoyin: it diverges from Tongli acupoint of main meridian and ascends along medial side of upper limb into chest then is distributed over heart.
Divergent collateral of heart meridian of hand-shaoyin: it diverges from heart meridian of oxter and ascends along main meridian into chest then is distributed over heart.
Lung meridian of hand-taiyin: it diverges at chest and is distributed over heart.
Spleen meridian of foot-taiyin: it has one branch at stomach and ascends to chest then is distributed over heart.
Divergent collateral of spleen meridian of foot-taiyin: it diverges from main meridian of thigh and floats along divergent collateral of stomach meridian into chest then runs upward and is distributed over spleen and stomach, it ascends diaphragm into chest and is distributed over heart.
Divergent collateral of stomach meridian of foot-yangming: it diverges from main meridian before thigh and ascends along main meridian to abdomen then is distributed over spleen and stomach; it ascends diaphragm and is distributed over heart.
Kidney meridian of foot-shaoyin: it ascends from kidney and passes through liver and diaphragm and enters into lung then diverges from lung and is distributed over heart.
Small intestine of hand-taiyang: it ascends along upper limb and curves around shoulder then penetrates from supraclavicular fossa into chest and is distributed over heart.
Divergent collateral of small intestine of hand-taiyang: it diverges from main meridian which is at posterior lower side of shoulder joint and descends to armpit then into chest and is distributed over heart.
Divergent collateral of bladder meridian of foot-taiyang: it diverges from bladder meridian of popliteal fossa and ascends from anus into abdominal cavity then is distributed over bladder and kidney; it ascends along vertebral column and is distributed over heart.
Pericardium meridian of hand-jueyin: it starts from chest and assembles pericardium; its branch is distributed over heart.
Collateral of pericardium meridian of hand-jueyin: it diverges from Neiguan acupoint of main meridian and ascends along main meridian into chest then is distributed over pericardium and heart system.
Divergent collateral of gallbladder meridian of foot-shaoyang: it starts from lateral side of thigh which is at main meridian and goes along main meridian into chest then is distributed over liver and gallbladder; it ascends diaphragm and passes through heart.
Divergent collateral of liver meridian of foot-jueyin: it starts from dorsum of foot and ascends along main meridian to pubic hair then floats along divergent collateral of gallbladder meridian into chest and is distributed over liver and gallbladder, it runs upward and penetrates into heart.
Conception vessel: its branch ascends from hypogastrium and passes through navel then links up with heart upward.
Uterine vessel: it starts from heart and descends diaphragm then is distributed over uterus.
From the above statement, there are 7 meridian vessels, 3 collaterals and 7 divergent collaterals which are distributed over heart. Therefore, direct gangway are formed between heart and viscera and bowels of lung, spleen, liver, kidney, stomach, small intestine, bladder, gallbladder and pericardium. Triple energizer meridian and its collateral are associated with heart at upper triple.