The term PID comprises all sorts of inflammatory processes occurring within the upper female genital tract, including the uterus, cervix, fallopian tubes, surrounding pelvic tissue, and the ovaries. These tissues become inflamed, swollen, irritated and can lead to scarring and infertility. The most common causes for PID are from bacteria which can cause Chlamydia and Gonorrhea. These bacteria are usually transmitted through sexual intercourse with a partner that has the infection already. Also, women who douche may have a higher risk of developing PID compared with women who don’t douche. Research has shown that douching can change the internal flora of the vagina that can lead to increased bacterial growth. PID can also occur after certain surgical procedures involving the female organs, D & C, or after the insertion of an intrauterine device (IUD).

The most common symptoms of PID are fever, chills, lower abdominal or pelvic pain, vaginal discharge, irregular menstrual bleeding or pain, nausea, vomiting, and pain upon urination. However, some patients report no symptoms or intermittent symptoms. Unfortunately, patients are sometimes misdiagnosed as having a twisted ovary or appendicitis based upon their symptoms. Usually a blood test will confirm an elevation of white blood cells and bacterial culture of the vaginal discharge will come back positive. Normal course of Western treatment would be antibiotics for 7 to 10 days.