Chickenpox, an acute eruptive infectious disease, is marked by the appearance of maculopapules, pimples, herpeses and crusts on the skin. The disease is caused by infection of varicella virus. It may occur in the four seasons of a year, but prevails in winter and spring. Because of the delicacy of infantile lung together with the weak external defensive ability, infants are subject to the attack by epidemic wind-warm pathogen, dampness, heat and toxin, and finally resulting in chickenpox. Especially, children at the age of 1 to 6 have a high incidence though children of other age groups may suffer from the disease. The disease is liable to become epidemic in infantile collective organs. Its clinical prognosis is favorable. After suffering from the disease, the patient can gain lifelong immunity while the recurrence is rare.