Touching and palpating method:
Put the thumb or the thumb and index and middle fingers on the traumatic site, gently press and carefully touch and palpate it, starting from the distal part, gradually to the traumatic site. The strength of force used should be decided upon the site injured. In palpitation, one should carefully learn the condition from the sensation of fingers, just like an old saying goes: "Palpation with the hand and sensation by the heart". The definite site of trauma and disorder, deformity and crepitus of traumatic region, changes of skin temperature and hardness, and fluctuation sensation may be known through touching and palpating. So, the method is commonly used first of all in examination.
 
Squeezing and pressing method:
Use the palm or fingers to squeeze and press the upper and lower, the left and right, the anterior and posterior parts of the focus, according to transmitting action of force to judge whether there is fracture. For example, pressing test of thorax in examination of fracture of rib is to press the sternum and the relative vertebra with the palms anteriorly and posteriorly, if there is pressing pain, it usually indicates fracture.
 
Percussing method:
This is a method to investigate whether there is fracture by impulsive force resulting from lengthwise percussion of the limb by the root of palm or fist. For example, in examination of fracture of femur or tibia and fibula, the method of percussing the heel is generally used. If there is a percussing pain, it often means there is fracture.

Rotating method:
Hold the distal part of traumatic limb with hands and gently rotate the limb to see whether there is pain of traumatic part, impairment of movement or special sound. This method is often used in combination with flexing-extending method.

Flexing-extending method:
Hold the traumatic joint with one hand and hold the distal part of the traumatic limb with the other hand, and make the limb flex and extend slowly. If there is an acute pain, it indicates there is trauma of bone or joint.
 
Swaying method:
Hold the traumatic part with one hand, and hold the distal part of the traumatic limb with the other hand, and make the limb slightly sway. According to the nature, abnormal movement and rub of the affected part, and in combination with inquiry and inspection, it can be determined whether there is trauma of bone and joint.