Test of flexing contracture of hip joint:
It is also called Thomas’ sign. Let the patient lie in supine position, flex his healthy hip and knee joints as much as he can, keep the thigh near his abdominal wall and the waist touching the bed in order to remove the compensation increased by lordosis of waist. Then let the patient stretch out his sick leg. If the patient can not straighten his leg on the bed and the leg rises, it is positive and indicative of the deformity of flexing contracture of hip joint.

Test of hyperextension of hip joint:
It is also called psoas contracture test. Let the patient lie in prone position with the sick leg flexed at the knee to the angle of 90°. The doctor raises the leg by holding the ankle with one hand, making the hip hyperextended. If the pelvis rises at the same time, it is a positive reaction and seen in psoas abscess or early stage of hip tuberculosis.

Test of standing on single leg:
It is also called Trendelenburg’s sign. First, let the patient stand on his healthy leg with the sick leg lifted up, the gluteal plicae (pelvis) of the sick side will rise, this is negative. Then, let the patient stand on his sick leg with the healthy leg lifted up, if the pluteal plicae (pelvis) lowers, it is positive, indicating instability of the lip joint loaded or weakness of middle and least gluteal muscles. This is seen in disease with weakness of middle gluteal muscle.

Test of shortened leg:
It is also called Allis’ sign. Let the patient lie in supine position with the joints of hip and knee of both sides flexing, the heel on the bed. Normally the two top points of both knees are at the same height. If one side is lower than the other, it is positive, indicating shortening of femur or tibia and fibula or hip dislocation.

Telescope test:
It is also called invagination sign. Let the patient lie in supine position. The doctor fixes the patient’s pelvis with one hand and holds the popliteal fossa with the other hand, making the joint of hip slightly flexed, then pushes and pulls the thigh longitudinally. If there is up-and-down mobile feeling of the" sick leg, it is positive, and indicative of instability or dislocation of hip joint. This is usually seen in infantile congenital dislocation of hip joint.

Test of frog posture:
Let the child patient lie in supine position with the both hips and knees bent to the angle of 90°, then do abduction and extorsion of both hips, forming a frog posture. If one or two thighs can not rest horizontally on the bed surface, it is positive and indicative of restriction of hip abduction. This is seen in infantile congenital dislocation of hip joint.