Fracture:
It often occurs in epiphysis near the articular surface or glenoid lip. For example, anterior dislocation of shoulder is usually complicated by the fracture of greater tuberosity of humerus. This kind of fracture mostly takes place when the fracture is set, and the fracture segments are reduced with the correction of dislocation.

Injury of blood vessel:
Because of great violence, the epiphysis of dislocation makes blood vessels injured, leading to disturbance of blood flow in distal limbs. For example, anteroinferior dislocation of shoulder joint and posterior dislocation of elbow joint may respectively cause injury of arteria axillaris and arteria brachialis, resulting in disturbance of blood circulation of the sick limbs.

Injury of nerve:
It is often caused by compression or traction of the dislocated epiphysis. For example, in anterior dislocation of shoulder joint, the circumflex nerve may be injured by traction of end of humerus. Most of this kind of injuries of nerve may gradually recover in three months or so after removal of compression and traction factors through reduction.

Ischemic osteonecrosis:
A disturbance of blood supply of bone due to laceration of joint capsule and ligament may result in ischemic osteonecrosis. For example, dislocation of hip joint may be complicated by ischemic necrosis of head of femur.

Traumatic ossification:
It is often seen in the dislocation of elbow joint.

Traumatic arthritis:
It generally occurs when the articular surface becomes uneven because of injury of articular cartilage surface in the dislocation, and there develop retrograde changes and hyperosteogeny of edge of epiphysis due to continuous friction and compression of the articular surface caused by weight bearing and movement. It is often seen in the lower limbs with load bearing.