1. Upward Disturbance of Wind Yang
Chief Manifestations: Vertigo, tinnitus and headache with a distending feeling which are aggravated by overstrain or anger, numbness and tremor of the limbs, insomnia, dreamfulness, soreness and weakness in the loins and knees, or flushed face, red tongue with yellow coating, and wiry, thready and rapid pulse.

2. Flaring-up of Liver Fire
Chief Manifestations: Dizziness, headache, red eyes, bitter taste in the mouth, distending pain in the hypochondrium, restlessness, irritability, poor sleep, dreamfulness, red tongue with yellow and greasy coating, and wiry and rapid pulse.

3. Upward Disturbance of Turbid Phlegm
Chief Manifestations: Dizziness accompanied by a heavy sensation and a rotatory feeling in the head, chest oppression, nausea, vomiting of sputum, white and greasy tongue coating, and wiry and smooth pulse.

4. Deficiency of Qi and Blood
Chief Manifestations: Dizziness and blurred vision which are aggravated by exertion and induced by overstrain, pale complexion, lassitude, palpitation, poor sleep, pale tongue with thin and white coating, and thready and weak pulse.

5. Deficiency of Liver Yin and Kidney Yin
Chief Manifestations: Prolonged vertigo, hypopsia, dryness and pain of eyes, poor sleep, amnesia, restlessness, dry mouth, tinnitus, lassitude, soreness and weakness in the loins and knees, red tongue with thin coating, and wiry and thready pulse.

6. Retention of Blood Stasis in the Orifices
Chief Manifestations: Vertigo and headache with accompanying symptoms such as amnesia, insomnia, palpitation, listlessness, tinnitus, deafness, dark purple complexion and lips, petechiae or ecchymosis on the tongue, wiry and unsmooth pulse or thready and unsmooth pulse.