Impotence:
Impotence refers to inability to erect penis or weak erection of penis, usually due to insufficiency of kidney yang, deficiency of kidney essence, asthenia of both the heart and the spleen, spreading of damp heat as well as liver depression and qi stagnation. Impotence, accompanied by aching weakness of the loins and knees, aversion to cold and cold limbs, is frequently caused by asthenia of kidney yang; impotence, accompanied by dizziness, tinnitus, amnesia and aching loins, is often caused by deficiency of kidney essence; impotence, accompanied by palpitation, shortness of breath, spontaneous sweating, spiritual lassitude and abdominal distension with reduced appetite, is usually due to asthenia of both the heart and the spleen; impotence, accompanied by dampness or itching and pain of the scrotum, is usually due to downward migration of damp heat~ impotence, accompanied by restlessness, susceptibility to anger and depression, is often caused by depression of liver qi.

Seminal emission
Seminal emission refers to frequent loss of sperm not caused by coitus. Seminal emission in dreams is called nocturnal emission; seminal emission without dream or even in conscious state is called spontaneous emission. Seminal emission is usually caused by yin asthenia and exuberant fire, hyperactivity of the kidney fire, or by weakness of kidney qi, or by invasion of damp heat, etc. Seminal emission, accompanied by easiness to erect, hectic fever and night sweating as well as aching weakness of the loins and knees, is usually caused by deficiency of kidney yin and hyperactivity of kidney fire; seminal emission, accompanied by aversion to cold, cold limbs and aching cold of loins and knees, is usually caused by decline of kidney yang and weakness of kidney qi; seminal emission, accompanied by dripping and painful urination and pudendal itching, is frequently due to invasion of damp heat.

Immature ejaculation:
It is usually caused by deficiency of kidney yang, weakness of kidney qi, or abundancy of fire due to yin deficiency or stagnancy of liver qi. If it is complicated by aversion to cold, cold and aching sensation in the waist and knees, it frequently results from deficiency of kidney yang. If complicated by liability to erection, hectic fever, night sweating, ache and weakness of the waist and knees, it is usually caused by kidney yin deficiency and abnormal activity of xianghuo. If complicated by dribbing and painful urination and pudendal pruritus, it is often caused by spreading of damp heat.