Hemorrhagic syndrome refers to discharge of blood from nine orifices or extravasated blood diffusing in the skin, resulting from failure of blood to circulate in the vessels. It includes epistaxis, gingival hemorrhage, hemoptysis, hematemesis, hematuria, hemafecia and hemokelidosis in internal medicine.

Hemorrhagic syndrome results from attack by exogenous pathogenic factors, emotional stress, improper diet, overwork, prolonged illness or febrile disease. Their common pathogenesis includes two types: reckless movement of blood caused by excessive pathogenic fire and extravasation of blood from the vessels due to deficiency of qi. As for the pathogenic fire, it is classified into excessfire and deficiency-fire. The former includes fire caused by wind heat, retention of damp heat, and fire caused by stagnation of liver qi; while the latter is hyperactive fire caused by deficiency of yin. As for deficiency of qi, there is either deficiency of qi or deficiency of qi damaging yang.

Hemorrhagic syndrome covers a wide range. Clinically, those syndromes chiefly manifested as bleeding belong to this category. For instance, hemorrhage in various acute and chronic diseases in western medicine, including diseases in respiratory, digestive, or urinary systems as well as hemorrhagic diseases caused by the disorder of hematopoietic system, all fall into this category.