What is Chinese privet(Ligustrum Lucidum, Nu Zhen Zi)?
Medicinally it mainly refers to the dried ripe fruit of Ligustrum lucidum Ait., which is a member in the family Oleaceae. Besides, the fruit of Ligustrum thibeticum Decne., a species of privet grown in Tibet, is also used medicinally since it has similar effect. Therefore, other names of it include broad-leaf privet, Wax Tree Privet, Privet Fruit, Fructus Ligustri Lucidi, Chinese Ligustrum, Dong Qing Zi, White Waxtree, Chinese Ligustrum, and so on. In China, it is mainly produced in Zhejiang, Jiangsu, and Hunan. It is usually harvested in winter when the berries are all ripe. And the following steps are to slightly steam or slightly bathe it in the boiling water and then dry. It is usually raw or prepared with wine.
Ligustrum tree is an evergreen large shrub or small tree, up to 10 meters. Bark is lenticellate and from gray to pale gray-brown. Branches are smooth. Opposite leaves are with 1 to 2cm grooved petiole; blade is leathery, ovate to lanceolate, 5 to 14cm long, 3.5 to 6cm wide, and with acuminate to acute apex, broadly cuneate base, and entire margin. Acrogenous panicle is 10 to 15cm in length and 8 to 17cm in diameter; peduncle is absent or about 4cm; leafy bracts are linear-lanceolate, sessile, and caducous; small peduncle is very short or nearly absent; bell-shaped calyx is about 1.5mm long and 4-lobed; Corolla tube is as long as the lobes, white, oblong-ovate, about 2mm, and with 4 lobes; stamens are 2; pistil is 1; superior ovary is spherical and with 2 rooms. Berry-like drupe is oblong, 6 to 12mm long, and green when young and blue-black when ripe. Seeds are from 1 to 2 and oblong. Bloom time is from June to July and fruiting time is from August to December. Main habitat is the mountains and now they are mostly planted in the garden.
Chinese privet health benefits
In his famous medical work of the "Compendium of Materia Medica", Li Shizhen says that ligustrum shrub is evergreen even during winter, which resembles a chaste girl who always keeps its virtue even though she is in harsh conditions. So it is named Nu Zhen Zi in mandarin. And today it is used for a variety of diseases, including Coronary Heart Disease, chronic atrophic gastritis, hepatitis, Chronic Bronchitis, Hyperlipidemia, poor digestion, and so on.